Due to their excellent comprehensive performance, elbows are widely used in basic engineering projects such as chemical, construction, water supply, drainage, petroleum, light and heavy industry, refrigeration, sanitation, plumbing, fire protection, power, aerospace, and shipbuilding. With the application of ultra-large integrated molding technology, elbows and other large-diameter pipe fittings have been applied in large-scale water conservancy projects, urban underground pipe network upgrades, nuclear power plant cooling systems, and deep-sea engineering.
Controlling the radius of curvature is required. For example, if the radius length is 1.5D, the radius of curvature must be within the required tolerance range. Since most of these pipe fittings are used for welding, to improve welding quality, the ends are beveled, leaving a certain angle and a certain edge. This requirement is also quite strict; the edge thickness, angle, and deviation range are all specified, resulting in many more geometric dimensions than pipe fittings. The surface quality and mechanical properties of elbows are basically the same as those of pipes. For ease of welding, the steel material of elbows and the pipes being connected must be the same.
